https://alembic.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/tutorial.html

Alembic migrations

Writing the migrations

create alembic environment

alembic init alembic

Or

alembic init --template generic alembic

alembic list_templates

Show the list of available templates

generic - Generic single-database configuration.
multidb - Rudimentary multi-database configuration.
pylons - Configuration that reads from a Pylons project environment.

edit alembic.ini file

most important parameter:

sqlalchemy.url

Start schema migrations

By creating a revision which will result in revision script inside alembic/versions

alembic revision -m "film table"

Edit the revision script 972b271d7de1_film_table.py by including a upgrade and downgrade instructions

"""film table

Revision ID: 972b271d7de1
Revises: 
Create Date: 2020-02-25 11:43:50.628529

"""
from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa


# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
revision = '972b271d7de1'
down_revision = None
branch_labels = None
depends_on = None


def upgrade():
    op.create_table(
        'film',
        sa.Column('id', sa.INTEGER, primary_key=True),
        sa.Column('title', sa.TEXT),
        sa.Column('date', sa.DATE)
    )
    pass


def downgrade():
    od.drop_table('film')
    pass

Upgrade

alembic upgrade head

After a few a upgrade you can look at the history

alembic history --verbose

Change history And if you are discontent with a particular revision you can downgrade to a prior revision, explicitly:

alembic downgrade 1613794c443b

Or relative to head:

alembic downgrade -2

Edit the offending revision file removing the upgrade and downgrade instructions, keeping only pass

And upgrade up to the head

alembic upgrade head

Auto generating the migrations

https://alembic.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/autogenerate.html

Alembic can view the status of the database and compare against the table metadata in the application, generating the “obvious” migrations based on a comparison.

alembic -c development.ini revision --autogenerate -m "User table"

Will create a migration script based on the models written in the application

Head must be upgraded

alembic -c development.ini upgrade head